Category Archives: Volume 44

Volume 44 (Issue 1) 2023

Posted on by

WEATHER EVENTS FORECASTING IN KOTA KINABALU USING A FUZZY RULE-BASED SYSTEM
Suzelawati Zenian and Amirah Ramizah Bibi Abdul Rasheed

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICAL CALIBRATION METHOD OF TRIAXIAL DIGITAL ACCELEROMETER ADXL345 AS EARTHQUAKES SENSOR
Nur Nazleen Johari1, Chee Fuei Pien1, Siti Rahayu Mohd Hashim2, Bailon Golutin3 & Jedol Dayou*1

MINERALOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL STUDY OF ANDESITE ALTERATION ZONE IN BUKIT MANTRI GOLD MINE, BALUNG, SABAH
Mohd Shafreen Mad Isa1 and Baba Musta2

EFFECT OF ETHANOL TREATMENT ON SHRINKAGE OF OIL PALM TRUNK FOR THE DRYING PROCESS
Ahmad Fauzi Othman1, Mohd Fadzil Arshad2, Zakiah Ahmad2, Amran Shafie1, Junaiza Ahmad Zaki1, Nur Hannani Abdul Latif1, Mohd Azrul Naim3*

POZZOLAN EFFECT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SCBA BLENDED CEMENT TREATED SOIL
Roziah K1, Kok Shien N1, Farzana M.A1, Siti Fatimah S1, Azura A1

Download Full Volume Here

WEATHER EVENTS FORECASTING IN KOTA KINABALU USING A FUZZY RULE-BASED SYSTEM

Posted on by

Suzelawati Zenian and Amirah Ramizah Bibi Abdul Rasheed

Mathematics with Computer Graphics, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.

ABSTRACT. A weather forecast is a prediction of weather phenomena in the future by collecting as much data as possible. Major worldwide climate studies include the breakthrough and interpretation of complicated weather patterns in order to successfully forecast varied weather events. It is quite complex to screen so many parameters from several factors to discover precise weather conditions. In this paper, a fuzzy rule-based system (FRBS) is applied for weather forecasting in Kota Kinabalu. There are 234 fuzzy rules being developed as the FRBS are constructed along and successfully implemented in MATLAB. Based on the results, the comparison between actual and forecast data shows moderate precision as the accuracy level is higher than the level of error analysis.

KEYWORDS. Weather events, fuzzy rule-based system, forecasting, fuzzy set.

REFERENCES

  • Agboola, A, & Gabriel. 2013.Development of a Fuzzy Logic Based Rainfall Prediction Model. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, vol. 3, no. 4, 427–435.
    Awan, M. S. K. & Awais, M. M. 2011. Predicting Weather Events Using Fuzzy Rule-Based System. Applied Soft Computing, 11(1), 56–63.
  • Cihan, P. Fuzzy Rule-Based System for Predicting Daily Case in COVID-19 Outbreak . 2020. 4th International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT), Istanbul, Turkey, 2020, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/ISMSIT50672.2020.9254714.
  • Hemayatkar, N., Khalili-Damghani, K., Didehkhani, H., & Samiee, R. 2018. Developing a fuzzy inference system to devise proper business strategies: A study on carpet industry. Journal of Industrial Engineering International, 15(3), 529–544.
  • Khatua, A., Jana, S., & Kar, T. K. 2020. A fuzzy rule-based model to assess the effects of global warming, pollution and harvesting on the production of Hilsa fishes. Ecological Informatics, 57(February), 101070. 1-7.
  • Malaysia Meteorological Department (MMD). 2016. General Climate of Malaysia (http://www.met.gov.my).
  • Mojiol, A. R. 2006. Ecological Landuse Planning and Sustainable Management of Urban and Sub-urban Green Areas in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. Goettingen: Cuvillier Verlag.
  • Moler, C., & Little, J. 2020. A history of MATLAB. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages, 4(HOPL), 1–67.
  • Ross, T. J. 2010. Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, 3rd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • Sharma, M., Mathew, L., & Chatterji, S. 2014. Weather Forecasting using Soft Computing and Statistical Techniques. International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, 3(7), 11285–11290.
  • Zadeh, L.A. 1975. The Concept of a Linguistic Variable and Its Application to Approximate Reasoning-III. Information Sciences, vol. 9, no. 1, 43–80.

Download Full Paper Here (Right-Click and Save As)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors would like to express their appreciation and gratitude to the Research Management Centre, Universiti Malaysia Sabah for the continued support

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICAL CALIBRATION METHOD OF TRIAXIAL DIGITAL ACCELEROMETER ADXL345 AS EARTHQUAKES SENSOR

Posted on by

Nur Nazleen Johari1, Chee Fuei Pien1, Siti Rahayu Mohd Hashim2, Bailon Golutin3 & Jedol Dayou*1

1 Energy, Vibration and Sound Research Group (e-VIBS), Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA.
2 Mathematics with Economy Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA.
3 Department of Mineral and Geoscience Sabah, Locked Bag 2042, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA.
*Corresponding author. Email: jed@ums.edu.my; Tel: +6-088-320302; Fax: +6-088-435324.

ABSTRACT: Seismic monitoring networks are the crucial elements in strong motion seismology for effective risk reduction. Low scale lateral variation of high intensity ground movement caused by earthquakes will be detected more effectively with densely located networks. However, the limitations of developing such project are rooted in expensive costs associated with the construction and installation in addition to bulky size of the conventional seismic observation system. Recently, micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) has being recognized in the applications of seismological and earthquake engineering due to the high precision obtained in these micron size semiconductor instruments and cheaper alternative for traditional seismic detector. ADXL345 is a type of digital triaxial MEMS accelerometer that is ideal for measurement of low-frequency vibrations and static accelerations of gravity, which makes it suitable for ground motion detection. Thus, this study aims at calibrating ADXL345 sensor that is required as sensing component in an affordable earthquake monitoring system with the Earthquake Benchmarking System (Penanda Aras Gempa Bumi, PAG) available in the inventory of Department of Mineral and Geoscience Malaysia, Sabah. Soil vibrations in EW (east-west or x-axis), NS (north-south or y-axis), and UD (up-down or z-axis) directions during random forces hit on the surface are recorded by both accelerometers. Acceleration magnitudes recorded by PAG and ADXL345 are extracted and data exploration is performed. Predominantly, ADXL345 measurements in horizontal and vertical ground movements are on a higher scale than the reference device. Subsequently, evaluation by using descriptive statistical analysis is chosen to produce numerical equations for data correction operations. İmplementation of the mathematical functions in ADXL345 for observing land movements in EW, NS, and UD directions resulted in decreasing the range values of output readings. Higher approximation of magnitudes of ground motion with the PAG system is achieved.

KEYWORDS. affordable, ground motion, calibration, descriptive analysis

 

REFERENCES

  • D’alessandro, A., D’anna, R., Greco, L., Passafiume, G., Scudero, S., Speciale, S., & Vitale, G. (2018). Monitoring Earthquake through MEMS Sensors (MEMS project) in the town of Acireale (Italy). 5th IEEE International Symposium on Inertial Sensors and Systems, INERTIAL 2018 – Proceedings, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISISS.2018.8358143.
  • D’Alessandro, A., Luzio, D. & D’Anna, G. (2014). Urban MEMS based seismic network for post-earthquakes rapid disaster assessment. Advances in Geosciences, 40, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-40-1-2014.
  • Analog Devices. (2009). Digital Accelerometer: Data Sheet ADXL345. https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ADXL345-EP.pdf.
  • Jena, R., & Pradhan, B. (2018). A novel model for comparing Peak Ground Acceleration derived from three attenuation laws using an integrated GIS technique in Sabah area, Malaysia. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 8(9), 191–200. https://doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.8.9.2018.p8127.
  • Khoiry, M. A., Hamzah, N., Osman, S. A., Mutalib, A. A. & Hamid, R. (2018). Physical Damages Effect on Residential Houses Caused by the Earthquake at Ranau, Sabah Malaysia. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 10(5), 414 – 418. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJET.2018.V10.1094.
  • Mukaka, M. M. (2012). Statistics Corner : A guide to appropriate use of Correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Medical Journal, 24(3), 69–71.
  • Scudero, S., D’Alessandro, A., Greco, L. & Vitale, G. (2018). MEMS technology in seismology: A short review. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environmental Engineering, EE 2018 – Proceedings, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/EE1.2018.8385252.
  • Sigcha, L., Pavón, I., Arezes, P., Costa, N., De Arcas, G. & López, J. M. (2018). Occupational risk prevention through smartwatches: Precision and uncertainty effects of the built-in accelerometer. Sensors (Switzerland), 18(11): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18113805.
  • Strauss, J. A. & Allen, R. M. (2019). Benefits and Costs of Earthquake Early Warning. Seismological Research Letters, 87(3): 765–772. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220150149.
  • Tanırcan, G., Alçık, H. & Beyen, K. (2017). Reliability of MEMS accelerometers for instrumental intensity mapping of earthquakes. Annals of Geophysics, 60(6): SE673. https://doi.org/10.4401/ag-7501.

Download Full Paper Here (Right-Click and Save As)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Collaboration of Department of Mineral and Geoscience Malaysia, Sabah and fund from UMSGreat GUG0334-1/2019 in this research is greatly acknowledged.

MINERALOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL STUDY OF ANDESITE ALTERATION ZONE IN BUKIT MANTRI GOLD MINE, BALUNG, SABAH

Posted on by

Mohd Shafreen Mad Isa1 and Baba Musta2

1, 2 Faculty of Science and Natural Resources,
University Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia,
Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
Email: shafreen@live.com.my1, babamus@ums.edu.my2

ABSTRACT This paper highlights the geochemical compositions and mineralogy of the alteration zone of the andesitic host rock and volcanic breccia in Bukit Mantri area near Balung, Tawau, Sabah, where a gold mining project is now taking place. Minerals identified by XRD analysis include quartz, pyrite, K-feldspar, muscovite, chlorite, kaolinite, hematite, and goethite, while thin section analysis confirms the abundance of pyrite. XRF and ICP-OES analyses suggest a significant concentration of SO3, Cu, Pb, Zn and As, with average values of 2.68wt%, 254μg/g, 236.9μg/g, 232.9μg/g, and 30.6μg/g, respectively, in the hydrothermally altered andesite. The widespread presence of pyrite and higher concentration of SO3 provide insights for environmental control for its higher acidity generation potential. Meanwhile, secondary minerals such as iron and aluminium oxides and silicate minerals may provide acid buffers and reduce the dispersion of constituents.

KEYWORDS geochemistry, mineralogy, hydrothermal alterations, gold mineralisation, Bukit Mantri

 

REFERENCES

  • Clark, C. M., & Downs, R. T. (2004). Using the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database in the Classroom. Journal of Geoscience Education, 52(1), 76–80. https://doi.org/10.5408/1089-9995-52.1.76
  • Downs, R. T., & Hall-Wallace, M. (2003). Using the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. American Mineralogist, 88, 247–250. https://doi.org/10.5408/1089-9995-52.1.76
    Haruna, S. A. (2016). Geology and Mineral Exploration in the Bukit Mantri Gold Prospect, Wullersdorf Area, Tawau District.
  • Mackenzie, W. S., Adams, A. E., & Brodie, K. H. (2017). Rocks and Minerals in Thin Section. In Rocks and Minerals in Thin Section (2nd Editio). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315116365
    Musta, B., Soehady, H. F. W., & Tahir, S. (2008). Geochemical characterization of volcanic soils from Tawau, Sabah. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, 54, 33–36. https://doi.org/10.7186/bgsm2008006
  • Nordstrom, D. K. (2011). Hydrogeochemical processes governing the origin, transport and fate of major and trace elements from mine wastes and mineralized rock to surface waters. Applied Geochemistry, 26(11), 1777–1791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.06.002
  • Nordstrom, D. K., & Alpers, C. N. (1999). Geochemistry of acid mine waters. In G. S. Plumlee & M. J. Logsdon (Eds.), The Environmental Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits, Part A. Processes, Techniques, and Health Issues: Society of Economic Geologist, Reviews in Economic Geology (Vol. 6).
  • Plumlee, G. S. (1999). The Environmental Geology of Mineral Deposits. In G. S. Plumlee & M. J. Logsdon (Eds.), The Environmental Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits, Part A. Processes, Techniques, and Health Issues: Society of Economic Geologist, Reviews in Economic Geology (pp. 71–116).
  • Smith, K. S. (1999). Metal Sorption on Mineral Surfaces: An Overview with Examples Relating to Mineral Deposits. Review in Economic Geology, 6A-6B, 161–182. https://doi.org/10.1.1.371.7008
    Tahir, S., Musta, B., & Rahim, I. A. (2010). Geological heritage features of Tawau volcanic sequence, Sabah. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, 56(56), 79–85. https://doi.org/10.7186/bgsm2010012
  • Winter, J. D. (2014). Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology (Pearson Ne). Pearson Education Limited.
  • Yan, A. S. W. (1991). Features of volcanic-hosted epithermal gold mineralization in the Nagos and Mantri areas, Sabah. Report No. SB 91/1.

Download Full Paper Here (Right-Click and Save As)

EFFECT OF ETHANOL TREATMENT ON SHRINKAGE OF OIL PALM TRUNK FOR THE DRYING PROCESS

Posted on by

Ahmad Fauzi Othman1, Mohd Fadzil Arshad2, Zakiah Ahmad2, Amran Shafie1, Junaiza Ahmad Zaki1, Nur Hannani Abdul Latif1, Mohd Azrul Naim3*
1Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Bandar Jengka, 26400 Bandar Tun Razak, Pahang
2College of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor
3Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang

ABSTRACT. Oil palm trunk is one of the promising biomass materials due to the high volume of unused waste components and increasing worldwide demand to replace conventional wood. This study investigated the feasibility of using ethanol as a drying agent for oil palm trunks with different dimensional surfaces (radial, tangential and longitudinal sections). The radial shrinkage percentage for the outer layer is 1.50% (untreated) and 1.22 % (treated). In comparison, the inner layer of the untreated sample was recorded at 2.54 % shrinkage and the treated sample was at 2.29%. The tangential sample for the inner untreated sample shows 2.60% and the treated sample shows 2.40%. The same pattern of shrinkage was shown for the tangential section on the outer layer as 1.81% and 1.10% of the untreated and treated sample respectively. For the longitudinal surface, the inner layer section of the untreated sample was recorded at 0.39% compared to the treated sample at 0.25%. In comparison, a longitudinal surface section for the outer layer of the untreated sample was recorded at 0.38%, while the treated sample was recorded at 0.33% shrinkage percentage. The effect of ethanol treatment on the shrinkage is significantly different between different sections (P-value: 0.01) and between the outer and inner layers (P-value: 0.02). The result suggested that ethanol treatment could be an option for the oil palm trunk drying process. Dried oil palm trunks can be utilized as a potential substitution for biomass and wood to produce various products.


KEYWORDS. Oil palm trunk (OPT), shrinkage percentage, moisture content, ethanol

REFERENCES

  • Ab Latib, H., Ratnasingam, J., Mariapan, M., Othman, K., Amir, M., Choon Liat, L., Lee, Y. Y., Ioras, F., Farrokhpayam, S. R., & Jegatheswaran, N. (2022). Malaysian Timber Industry Policy: Achievements, Challenges, and Lessons Learned. BioResources, 17(1), 299–315.
  • Abdul, H. P. S., Jawaid, M., Hassan, A., Paridah, M. T., & Zaido, A. (2012). Oil Palm Biomass Fibres and Recent Advancement in Oil Palm Biomass Fibres Based Hybrid Biocomposites. Composites and Their Applications, August. https://doi.org/10.5772/48235
  • Abdul Hamid, Z. A., Arai, T., Sitti Fatimah, M. R., Kosugi, A., Sulaiman, O., Hashim, R., Nirasawa, S., Ryohei, T., Lokesh, B. E., Sudesh, K., Murata, Y., Saito, M., & Mori, Y. (2015). Analysis of Free Sugar and Starch in Oil Palm Trunks ( Elaeis Guineensis Jacq. ) from Various Cultivars as a Feedstock for Bioethanol Production . International Journal of Green Energy, 150218144136008. https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2014.910786
  • Amira, N., Armir, Z., Zakaria, S., Begum, R. A., Chamhuri, N., Ariff, N. M., Harun, J., Laila, N., Talib, M., & Kadir, M. A. (2020). Malaysia wood industries. BioResources, 15(2), 2971–2993.
  • Anis, M., Noor, A. S., Ismail, S., Halimah, M., & Astimar, A. A. (2016). Recovery of oil palm lumber. Journal Palm Oil Developments, 64, 7–10.
  • Corrêa, J. L. G., Braga, A. M. P., Hochheim, M., & Silva, M. A. (2012). The Influence of Ethanol on the Convective Drying of Unripe, Ripe, and Overripe Bananas. Drying Technology, 30(8), 817–826. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2012.667469
  • da Cunha, R. M. C., Brandão, S. C. R., de Medeiros, R. A. B., da Silva Júnior, E. V., Fernandes da Silva, J. H., & Azoubel, P. M. (2020). Effect of ethanol pretreatment on melon convective drying. Food Chemistry, 333, 127502. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127502
  • de Freitas, L. D. C., Brandão, S. C. R., Fernandes da Silva, J. H., Sá da Rocha, O. R., & Azoubel, P. M. (2021). Effect of Ethanol and Ultrasound Pretreatments on Pineapple Convective Drying. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 59(2), 209–215. https://doi.org/10.17113/ftb.59.02.21.7045
  • Eom, I. Y., Yu, J. H., Jung, C. D., & Hong, K. S. (2015). Efficient ethanol production from dried oil palm trunk treated by hydrothermolysis and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-015-0263-6
  • Erwinsyah, Bues, C. T., & Richter, C. (2007). Thermal Insulation Material Made from OPEFB Fibres.pdf. Biotropia, 14(1), 32–50. chrome-extension://oemmndcbldboiebfnladdacbdfmadadm/https://journal.biotrop.org/index.php/biotropia/article/download/23/451
  • Funebo, T., Ahrné, L., Prothon, F., Kidman, S., Langton, M., & Skjöldebrand, C. (2002). Microwave and convective dehydration of ethanol treated and frozen apple – physical properties and drying kinetics. International Journal of Food Science \& Technology, 37(6), 603–614. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.2002.00592.x
  • Hamzah, M. H., Bowra, S., & Cox, P. (2020). Effects of Ethanol Concentration on Organosolv Lignin Precipitation and Aggregation from Miscanthus x giganteus. Processes, 8(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8070845
  • Hashim, R., Aidawati, W. N., Nadhari, W., Sulaiman, O., Sato, M., Hiziroglu, S., Kawamura, F., Sugimoto, T., Guan, T., & Tanaka, R. (2012). Palm binderless particleboard. In BioResources (Vol. 7, Issue 1).
  • Hochegger, M., Cottyn-Boitte, B., Cézard, L., Schober, S., & Mittelbach, M. (2019). Influence of Ethanol Organosolv Pulping Conditions on Physicochemical Lignin Properties of European Larch. International Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1734507
  • Kaniapan, S., Hassan, S., Ya, H., Nesan, K. P., & Azeem, M. (2021). The utilisation of palm oil and oil palm residues and the related challenges as a sustainable alternative in biofuel, bioenergy, and transportation sector: A review. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063110
  • Lai, M., & Lü, B. (2012). 3.04 – Tissue Preparation for Microscopy and Histology (J. B. T.-C. S. and S. P. Pawliszyn (Ed.); pp. 53–93). Academic Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-381373-2.00070-3
  • Lim, S., & Gan, K. (2005). Characteristics and utilisation of oil palm stem. Timber Technology Bulletin, 35, 1–12.
  • Mhd Ramle, S. F. (2021). Chemical Composition of Parenchyma and Vascular Bundle from Elaeis guineensis. In H. Kamyab (Ed.), Elaeis guineensis (p. 13). IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98421
  • Mhd Ramle, S. F., Sulaiman, O., Hashim, R., Arai, T., Kosugi, A., Abe, H., Murata, Y., & Mori, Y. (2012). Characterization of Parenchyma and Vascular Bundle of Oil Palm Trunk as Function of Storage Time. Lignocellulose, 1(1), 33–44.
  • Migolet, P., Goïta, K., Ngomanda, A., & Biyogo, A. P. M. (2020). Estimation of aboveground oil palm biomass in a mature plantation in the Congo Basin. Forests, 11(5), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/F11050544
  • Murphy, D. J., Goggin, K., & Paterson, R. R. M. (2021). Oil palm in the 2020s and beyond: challenges and solutions. CABI Agriculture and Bioscience, 2(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-021-00058-3
  • Pang, S. (2006). Using methanol and ethanol vapours as drying media for producing bright colour wood in drying of radiata pine.
  • Rais, M. R., Bakar, E. S., Ahaari, Z., Lee, S. H., Soltani, M., Ramli, F., & Bawon, P. (2021). Drying performance, as well as physical and flexural properties of oil palm wood dried via the super-fast drying method. BioResources, 16(1), 1674–1685. https://bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu/resources/drying-performance-as-well-as-physical-and-flexural-properties-of-oil-palm-wood-dried-via-the-super-fast-drying-method/
  • Rosli, R. A., Harumain, Z. A. S., Zulkalam, M. F., Hamid, A. A. A., Sharif, M. F., Mohamad, M. A. N., Noh, A. L., & Shahari, R. (2021). Phytoremediation of Arsenic in Mine Wastes by Acacia mangium. Remediation Journal, 31(3), 49–59.
  • Santos, P. H. S., & Silva, M. A. (2009). Kin Silva, M. G., Celeghini, R. M. S., & Silva, M. A. (2018). Effect of ethanol on the drying characteristics and on the coumarin yield of dried guaco leaves (Mikania laevigata schultz BIP. Ex Baker). Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 35(3), 1095–1104. https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20180353s20160481
  • Sulaiman, O., Salim, N., Nordin, N. A., Hashim, R., Ibrahim, M., & Sato, M. (2012). The potential of oil palm trunk biomass as an alternative source for compressed wood. BioResources, 7(2), 2688–2706. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.7.2.2688-2706
  • Tan, K. P., Kanniah, K. D., & Cracknell, A. P. (2014). On the upstream inputs into the MODIS primary productivity products using biometric data from oil palm plantations. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 35(6), 2215–2246. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2014.889865
  • Teoh, C. H. (2002). The palm oil industry in Malaysia: From seed to frying pan. In WWF (Issue November). http://www.senternovem.nl/mmfiles/WWF_palm_oil_industry_Malaysia_tcm24-195179.pdf
  • Wong, T., Lim, S., Gan, K., & Chung, R. (Eds.). (2019). A Dictionary of Malaysian Timbers: 3rd Edition (3rd Editio). Forest Research Institute Malaysia.

Download Full Paper Here (Right-Click and Save As)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This study was funded by “Dana Dalam Negeri (DDN) Lestari Khas Fasa 2 with Grant Number: 600-TNCPI 5/3/DDN(06)(009/2021).

POZZOLAN EFFECT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SCBA BLENDED CEMENT TREATED SOIL

Posted on by

Roziah K1, Kok Shien N1, Farzana M.A1, Siti Fatimah S1, Azura A1

1Civil Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

 

ABSTRACT. The recent agricultural and industrial waste reduction research has focused on monetary, sustainable environment, and technological considerations. Discarded raw materials such as rice husk ash, fly ash, coir fiber and silica fumes were widely explored and successfully utilized as blending elements for cement.  Current studies have proved that Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) produced from sugar production has a pozzolanic reaction due to the high substance of amorphous silica in this raw material. This research would boost the insight of potential blending agents that can reduce the cost and stabilize problematic soil. This study intends to evaluate the effect of SCBA blended cement on improved soil’s mechanical properties, including the shear strength and the compressibility of the treated soil. Unconfined Compressive Strength test was conducted to attain the compressive behavior, while the One-Dimensional test was performed to examine the compressibility behavior. The tested samples with SCBA show a beneficial effect in terms of both compressive strength and compressibility.  This study proved that SCBA could be applied at least as a partial substitute to the Portland cement.

KEYWORDS. Sugarcane bagasse ash, pozzolanic reaction, compressive strength, compressibility

REFRENCES

  • Huat, B. B. K., Maail, S., and Mohamed, T. A. (2005) Effect of Chemical on the Engineering Properties of Tropical Peat Soil. American Journal of Applied Sciences, Science Publication, 1113-1120.
  • Gueddouda, M. K., Goual, I., Lamara, M., Smaida, A., and Mekarta, B. (2011) Chemical Stabilization of Expansive Clays from Algeria. Global Journal of Researches in Engineering: J General Engineering, 11(5), Ver 1.
  • Abu Talib, M. K., Nuriyuki, Y., and Ishikura, R. (2015) Effects of sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) on the strength and compressibility of cement stabilized peat. Lowland Technology International, 17(2), 73-82.
  • Kishor Kumar, V., Vandhana Devi, V., and Rajan, N. K. (2020) Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Cement on the Engineering Properties of Soft Clay Soil. International Journal of Advance Science and Technology, 29(10), 6919-6926.
  • Onyelowe, K. C. (2012) Cement stabilized Akwuete lateritic soil and the use of bagasse ash as Admixture. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Investig., 1(2).
  • Adhikary, S. and Jana, K. (2016) Potentials of Rice-Husk Ash as A Soil Stabilizer. International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Technology (IJLRET), 2(2), 40-48.
  • Roy, A. (2014) Soil Stabilization using Rice Husk Ash and Cement. International Journal of Civil Engineering Research, 5(1), 49-54.
  • Xiao, H., and Lee, F. (2019). Curing time effect on behavior of cement treated marine clay. Int. J. Eng. Phys. Sci, Vol. 43, 71-78.
  • Muhunthan, B., and Sariosseiri, F. (2018) Interpretation of geotechnical properties of cement treated soils (No. WA-RD 715.1). Washington (State). Department of Transportation.
  • Reang, R. and Kumar Pal, S. (2019) Strength behaviours of the clayey-silt soil mixed with fly ash and sand. Ground Improvement Techniques and Geosynthetics, 105-113.
  • Hakari, U. D., and Puranik, S. C. (2012) Stabilisation of Black Cotton Soils Using Fly Ash. Hubballi-Dharwad Municipal Corporation Area, Karnataka, India. Global Journal of researches in engineering Civil and Structural engineering, 12(2), Version 1.0.
  • Chittaranjan, M., Vijay, M., and Keerthi, D. (2011) Agricultural wastes as soil stabilizers. International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, 4(6), 50-51.
  • Sarkar, R., Abbas, S. M., and Shahu, J. T. (2012) A comparative study of geotechnical behavior of lime stabilized pond ashes from Delhi region. International Journal on GEOMATE, Japan, 3(1), 273-279
  • WBCSD, (2019) Cement Technology Roadmap 2009. World Business Council for Sustainable Development, W.B.C.S.D. France: International Energy Agency, I.E.A.
  • Frías, M., Villar-Cociña, E., and Valencia-Morales, E. (2007) Characterisation of sugar cane straw waste as pozzolanic material for construction: Calcining temperature and kinetic parameters. Waste Management, 27, 533-538.
  • Rajakumar, C., Meenambal, T., and Arumairaj, P. D. (2014) California bearing ratio of expansive subgrade stabilized with waste materials. International Journal of Advanced Structures and Geotechnical Engineering, 3.
  • Muangtong, P., Sujjavanich, S., Boonsalee, S., Poomiapiradee, S., and Chaysuwan, D. (2013) Effects of fine bagasse ash on the workability and compressive strength of Mortars. Chiang Mai Journal of Science, 40(1), 126-134.
  • Paula Gisele, L. D. P., Daniel, M., Andrew, H., and Pete, W. (2016) Cement with SCBA as a stabilizer in compressed earth blocks. Terra 2016, 12th World Congress on Earthen Architecture.
  • Pachori, C., and Saxena, A. (2019) Stabilization of Subgrade Soil Using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA). International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 6(12).
  • Kamaruidzaman, N. S. Abu Talib, M. K. Alias. Nurul Amirah, Z. Adnan, A. Madun, H. Zainal Abidin Aziman, Z., Hazreek, . A., Md, M. F., and Dan, N. A. (2019) Peat Stabilization by Using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) as a Partial Cement Replacement Materials. International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 11(6), 204-213.
  • Mikhail, M., Keramatikerman, M., Chegenizadeh, A., Terzaghi, S., Burns, G., and Nikraz, H. (2020) Influence of Bagasse Ash on Compaction Behvaiour of Soil. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), 9(5).
  • Xu, Q., Ji, T., SJi Gao, Yang, Z., and Wu, N. (2018) Characteristics and Applications of Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash Waste in Cementitious Materials. Materials.
  • Keramatikerman, M., Chegenizadeh, A., and Terzaghi, S. (2019) Review on Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as an Additive in Construction Industry. EJGE, 24, 453-470.
  • Abbasi, A and Zargar, A. (2013) Using baggase ash in concrete as pozzolan. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 13(6), 716-719.
  • Kantinaris, N. (2004) Re-cycling of sugar-ash: a raw feed material for rotary kilns. Waste Management, 24, 999-1004.
  • Saini, H., Khatti, J., and Acharya, B. (2019) Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil by Using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash. International Journal of Scientific Research and Review, 7(1), 109-116.
  • Kharade, AS., Suryavanshi, V. V., Gujar, B. S., and Deshmukh, R. R. (2014) Waste product Bagasse Ash from Sugar Industry can be used as Stabilizing material for Expansive Soils. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 3(3), 506-512.
  • Abu Talib M. K., and Nuriyuki, Y. (2017) Highly Organic Soil Stabilization by Using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA). MATEC Web of Conferences, 103:07013
  • Chegenizadeh, A., Keramatikerman, M., Miceli, S., Nikraz, H., and Salih Sabbar, A. (2020) Investigation on Recycled Sawdust in Controlling Sulphate Attack in Cemented Clay. Applied Sciences
  • Sharma, T., and Kaushik, R. (2019) Effect of Polypropylene Fiber on Properties of Bagasse Ash-Cement Stabilized Clay Soil. International Journal on Emerging Technologies, 10(2), 255-266.
  • Nagataki, S. (1994) Mineral admixtures in concrete: state of the art and trends. Special Publ.
  • Joshaghani, A., Ramezanianpour, A. A., and Rostami, H. (2016) Effect of incorporating Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) in mortar to examine durability of sulfate attack. International Conference on Concrete Sustainability.
  • Khan, S., Kamal, M., and Haroon, M. (2015) Potential of cement treated sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) as highway construction Material. Road & Transport Research, 24(3).
  • Amu, O. O., Ogunniyi, S. A., and Oladeji, O. O. (2011) Geotechnical properties of lateritic soil stabilized with sugarcane straw ash. American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2(2), 323-331. Doi:10.5251/ajsir.2011.2.2.323.331
  • Rahman, M. M. A., Rabbi, T. M. Z., and Siddique, A. (2011) Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Cement Treated Soft Bangladesh Clays. Journal – The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia, 72(4).
  • Rong-rong, Z. and Dong-dong, M. (2020) Effects of Curing Time on the Mechanical Property and Microstructure Characteristics of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Cement-Stabilized Silty Clay. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering.
  • Hossain, K. M. A, & Mol, L. (2011) Some engineering properties of stabilized clayey soils incorporating natural pozzolans and industrial wastes. Construction and Building Materials, 25(8), 3495-3501.

Download Full Paper Here (Right-Click and Save As)