Volume 35 (Full Volume)

ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Evaluation of Depression Criteria Using Analytic Hierarchy Process: A Case Study on Universiti Malaysia Sabah Sciences’ Schools
– Asdalifah Talibe, Zaturrawiah Ali Omar & Tong Sin Bei (p.1)

Physicochemical and Organoleptic Evaluation of Muffin Partially Substituted with Roselle Calyces (Hibiscus sabdariffa.L) Powder
– Siti Faridah Mohd. Amin, Hasmadi Mamat, Lee Jau Shya, & Nurul Syuhada Roslan (p.10)

Sea Bottom Morphology and Sediment Distribution of Kuala Besar Kelantan River Delta and Its Offshore Areas
– Nurul Afifah Mohd Radzir, Che Aziz Ali, Kamal Roslan Mohamed, & Ramlan Omar (p.18)

A Preliminary Study of Parasitic Infections of Some Fished from Kinabatangan River, Sandakan, Sabah
– Hairul Hafiz Mahsol, Norizzah Zainuddin, Noor Farniza Habiib Abdullah &Abdul Hamid Ahmad (28)

Crowd Simulation Based on Flocking Behaviour on Parallel Cuda Platform

– Norhafiza Hamzah, Norsuzila Yusof & Z.A.Omar (p.34)

 

Originally Submitted in 2014. Published Online in 2016.

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EVALUATION OF DEPRESSION CRITERIA USING ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS: A CASE STUDY ON UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SABAH SCIENCES’ SCHOOLS

ASDALIFAH TALIBE*, ZATURRAWIAH ALI OMAR & TONG SIN BEI

School of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu,
Sabah, Malaysia.
*asdalifah@ums.edu.my

ABSTRACT. Depression has been ranked by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the fourth most disabling disease in mental health problems. The aim of this study is therefore to determine the most common criteria of depression among students from five sciences’ schools in Universiti Malaysia Sabah by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The criterion was based on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) I. There were three main criteria and were broken down into several sub-criteria in detail. The main criteria were negative attitudes towards self, performance impairment and somatic disturbances. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 19. The results showed that the collected data were random (run test of median = 0.247, mean = 0.087) and normally distributed (ShapiroWilk test = 0.326). The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.901 indicated that the questionnaire was reliable. The results of this study indicated somatic (bodily) disturbance and insomnia with the same relative weight of 0.4111 were the most common criteria and sub-criteria of depression for all school and also for different schools. Since all the consistency ratios were less than or greater than 0.1, the levels of consistency were acceptable.

KEYWORDS. Depression, Analytic Hierarchy Process, selection criteria

 

REFERENCES

  • Ahmed, I., Banu, H., Al-Fageer, R. & Al-Suwaidi, R. 2009. Cognitive emotions: depression and anxiety in medical students and staff. Journal of Critical Care, 24: 1-18.
  • Cronbach, L. J. 1951. Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3): 297-334.
  • Ellen, S., Selzer, R., Norman, T. & Blashki, G. 2007. Depression and anxiety: pharmacological treatment in general practice. Australian Family Physician: 36(3): 222–227.
  • Institute for Public Health. 2011. National Health and Morbidity Survey 2011. Malaysian Psychiatric Association, 2006. Depression. http://www.psychiatrymalaysia.org/article.php?aid=56.
  • Melissa-Halikiopoulou, C., Tsiga, E., Khachatryan, R. & Papazisis, G. 2011. Suicidality and depressive symptoms among nursing students in northen Greece. Health Science Journal, 5(2): 90-97.
  • National Institute of Mental Health, 2011. Depression. http://www.nimh.nib.gov/ health/publications/depression/complete-index.shtml.
  • Regestein, Q., Natarajan, V., Pavlova, M., Kawasaki, S., Gleason, R. & Koff Elissa. 2010. Sleep debt and depression in female college students. Psychiatry Research, 176: 34-39.
  • Reyes-Rodríguez, M. L., Rivera-Medina, C. L., Cámara-Fuentes, L., Suárez-Torres, A. & Bernal, G. 2012. Depression symptoms and stressful life events among college students in Puerto Rico. Journal of affective disorders (In press).
  • Saaty, T.L. 1990. How to make a decision: The Analytic Hierarchy Process. European Journal of Operational Research, 48: 9-26.
  • Shafer, A. B. 2006. Meta-analysis of the factor structures of four depression questionnaires:
  • Beck, CES-D, Hamilton, and Zung. Journal of Clinical Phsycology, 62(1):123-46.
  • Simin, H. & Zahra, G. 2011. A survey Beck test in university students & its relationship between some related risk factors. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 28: 558- 562.
  • Taha, H. A. 2007. Operations Research: An Introduction. Singapore: Pearson Education International.

 

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PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION OF MUFFIN PARTIALLY SUBSTITUTED WITH ROSELLE CALYCES (Hibiscus sabdariffa. L) POWDER

1*Siti Faridah Mohd. Amin, 1Hasmadi Mamat, 1Lee Jau Shya, & 1Nurul Syuhada Roslan

Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition,
Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
Email*: ctfaridah80@gmail.com

ABSTRACT. The effect of substitution of wheat flour with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% roselle calyces powder (RCP) on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of muffin was studied. Roselle calyces powder was produced by using spray drying. The physical (weight, loaf volume, specific volume and oven spring) and proximate analysis showed significant difference (p<0.05) between control and muffin substituted with RCP. Increasing the level of substitution from 5% to 20% of RCP significantly (p<0.05) increased the ash and crude fiber content in muffin samples. Sensory evaluation results indicated that muffin with 10% substitution of RCP was rated the most acceptable.

KEYWORDS. muffin, roselle calyces powder, loaf volume, oven spring, crude fibre

 

REFERENCES

  • AACC. 2000. Approved methods of the American Association of cereal chemists. 10th Edition. St. Paul, Minnesota. USA.
  • Almana, H. A. 2001. Karkade (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) as a mineral and fiber supplement in chocolate cake. Ain Shams University, Cairo, Arab Univ. Journal of Agriculture
    Science. 283: 295.
  • Physicochemical And Organoleptic Evaluation Of Muffin Partially Substituted With Roselle Calyces (Hibiscus Sabdariffa. L) Powder AOAC. 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 17th Ed. Published by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. USA.
  • Ashaye, O. A. & Adeleke, T.O. 2009. Quality attributes of stored Roselle Jam. International Food Research Journal. 16: 363-371.
  • Asolkar, L. V., Kakkar, K. K., & Chakre, O. J. 1992. Second Supplements to Chopra, Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants with Active Principles Part 1 (A-K). Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India, ISBN: 8172360487: 44.
  • Aurelio, D., Edgardo, R.G., & Navarro-Galindo, S. 2008. Thermal kinetic degradation of anthocyanins in a roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L. cv. ‘Criollo’) infusion. International Journal of Food Science & Technology. 43 (2): 322–325
  • Babalola, S.O. Babalola, A.O., & Aworh, C.O. 2001. Compositional attribute of the calyces of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var sabdariffa L). The Journal of Food Technology in
    Africa. 6: 133-134.
  • Chong, L. C. & Nor Aziah, A.A. 2008. Influence of Partial Substitution of Wheat Flour with Banana (Musa paradisiaca var. Awak) Flour on the Physico-Chemical and Sensory Characteristics of Doughnuts. International Food Research Journal. 15: 119-124.
  • Cisse, M., Dornier, M., Sakho, M., Ndiaye, A., Reynes, M., & Sock, O. 2009. Le bissap (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Composition et principales utilisations. Fruits. 64: 179–193.
  • Duangmal, K., Saicheua, B., & Sueeprasan, S. 2004. Roselle anthocyanins as a natural food colorant and improvement of its color stability. Proceedings of the AIC Color and Paints, Interim Meeting of the International Color Association. IEEE Xplore: 155-158.
  • Fasoyiro, S., Babalola, S., & Owosibo, T. 2005. Chemical composition and sensory quality of fruit-flavoured roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) drinks. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 1: 161-164.
  • Hayashi, M., & Seguchi, M. 1998. Iron-enriched bread with karkade (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and wheat flour. Cereal chemistry. 75: 686-689.
  • Hui, Y.H., Harold, C. Wai-Kit, N., & Ingrid, D.L. 2006. Bakery products: Science and Techology. Canada. Wiley Blackwell. Ibrahim, M.E.H, Karamall A.K. & Khattab, A.H. 1971. Biochemical studies of karkade. Sudan Journal of Food Science and Technology. 3: 37-40
  • Ismail, A., Ikram, E.H.K. & Nazri, H.S.M. 2008. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Seeds– Nutritional Composition, Protein Quality and Health Benefits. Food. 2: 1-16.
  • Knuckles, B.E., Hudson, C.A., Chiu, M.M. and Sayre, R.N. 1997. Effects of §-glucan barley fractions in high-fiber bread and pasta. Cereal Food World. 42 (2): 94-99.
  • Main, J., Clydesdale, F., & Francis, F. 1978. Spray drying anthocyanin concentrates for use as food colorants. Journal of Food Science. 43: 1693-1694.
  • Mohamed, B. B., Sulaiman, A.A., & Dahab, A.A. 2012. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in Sudan, Cultivation and Their Uses: Bull. Environ. Journal of Pharmacol. Life Science. 1: 48-54.
  • Manuel Gomez, Bonastre Oliete, Cristina M. Rosell, Valentın Pando & Encarnacion Fernandez. 2008. Studies on cake quality made of wheatechickpea flour blends. LWTFood Science and Technology. 41: 1701 -1709.
  • Meigaard, M., Civille, G. V., & Carr, B. T. 2000. Sensory evaluation techniques. 3 rd Edition. CRC Press. New York.
  • Olaoye, O., & Onilude, A. 2008. Microbiological, proximate analysis and sensory evaluation of baked product from blends of wheat-breadfruit flours. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development. 8: 192-203.
  • Pankaj S., Velua, V., Indrani, D., & Singh, R.P. 2013. Effect of dried guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia) leaf powder on rheological, organoleptic and nutritional characteristics of cookies. Food Research International. 50 (2): 704–709.
  • Samsudin, A. Mat Isa, A. & Mohd. Taufik, A. 2000. Pengeringan dengan menggunakan mesin pengering (drying of roselle using dryer). Journal of tropical Agriculture and Food Sceince. 28 (2): 167-172.
  • See, E., Abdullah, W., Nadiah, W., & Nor Aziah, A. A. 2007. Physico-chemical and sensory evaluation of breads supplemented with pumpkin flour. ASEAN Food Journal. 14: 123-130.
  • Suliman, A. M., Ali, A.O, Idriss, S.E.A., & Abdualrahman, M.A. 2011. A Comparative Study on Red and White Karkade (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyces, Extracts and Their Products. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition. 10: 680-683.
  • Wong, P.-K., Yusof, S., Ghazali, H., & Man, Y.C. 2002. Physico-chemical characteristics of roselle (L.). Journal of Nutrition & Food Science. 32: 68-73.

 

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SEA BOTTOM MORPHOLOGY AND SEDIMENT DISTRIBUTION OF KUALA BESAR KELANTAN RIVER DELTA AND ITS OFFSHORE AREAS

Nurul Afifah Mohd Radzir*1, Che Aziz Ali1, Kamal Roslan Mohamed1, & Ramlan Omar2
1Geology Program,
2Environmental Science Program,
School of Environmental and Natural Resources Sciences,
Faculty of Science and Technology,
University Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi,
Selangor, Malaysia.
Email: nurulafifah.mradzir@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT. Kuala Besar is part of the modern Kelantan River Delta complex and exhibits continuous changes in morphology because of the erosion, wave and sediment distribution. The precision of echo sounding data and 65 grab samples are integrated to reveal the bathymetry and sediment distribution at the Kuala Besar, Kelantan River Delta. Different sediment distribution patterns are found from the nearshore towards offshore, whereas the nearshore situated the fine silt size of grain, extended to the sea are dominated with the silt to sand size with account of 86%,, meanwhile the offshore area placed the sand size of sediment ranging from the 0.11 mm to 1.31 mm account for 100% maximum value. As per difference of the sediment distribution lead to the contribution of the bathymetry pattern change from the mouth bar towards the marine shelf due to the increasing of the distance from the land. These changes are brought about by the interactions of the various factors such as river influx, wave and climate that hits the coastal of east Peninsular Malaysia, where located the study area; thus resulting in morphological changes and sediments deposits pattern. The combinations of these factors produce a newly formed of the area which showing a retreat pattern of the sediment distribution promote by a gentle slope gradient of seabed morphology. Hence, the sediments distribution at different zone indicates the evolution of destructive wave types of the study area.

KEYWORDS. Kuala Besar, Kelantan River Delta, bathymetry, sediment distribution,destructive delta

REFERENCES

  • Buller, A.T., & McManus J. 1979. Sediment Sampling and Analysis. In: Dyer KR (ed) Estuarine Hydrography and Sedimentation: A Handbook. Cambridge University Press, London.
  • Coleman, J. M., & Prior D. B. 1980. Deltaic Sand Bodies- A 1980 Short Course Education Course Note Series #15. Coastal Studies Institute, Lousiana State University.
  • Dale, W.L. 1956. Wind and Drift Currents in the South China Sea. J. Trop. Geogr., 8:1-31
  • Hong, E., Huang T.C., & Yu H.S. 2004. Morphology and Dynamic Sedimentology in front of the Retreating Tsengwen Delta, Southwestern Taiwan. TOA, Vol 15, No. 4, 565-587.
  • Kamal, R. M., Che A. A., & Usop, S. 1997. Perubahan dan Perkembangan Morfologi Delta Kelantan. Laporan Penyelidikan UKM S/5/96.
  • Koopsman, B.N. 1972. Sedimentation in the Kelantan Delta (Malaysia). Sediment. Geol., 7:65-84

 

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A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF PARASITIC INFECTIONS OF SOME FISHES FROM KINABATANGAN RIVER, SANDAKAN, SABAH.

Hairul Hafiz Mahsol1*, Norizzah Zainuddin2, Noor Farniza Habib Abdullah2 & Abdul Hamid Ahmad1
1Institute for Tropical Biology & Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS,
84000 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. 2School of Science & Technology, Universiti
Malaysia Sabah Jalan UMS, 84000 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
*hairulha@ums.edu.my

ABSTRACT. A survey of fishes of the Kinabatangan River was conducted to determine the fish types, abundance and prevalence of parasitic infection. The fishes were collected with gill nets in two distinct areas, named Abai and Bilit. Eleven fish species in ten genera and ten families were encountered. The family Ariidae formed 36.3% of the total number of individuals (n=80) while the rest were Pangasiidae (15%), Siluridae (11.3%), Cyprinidae (10%), Engraulidae (7.5%), Bagridae (6.3%), Toxotidae (6.3%), Sciaenidae (3.8%), Megalopidae (2.5%) and Clariidae (1.3%). Both ectoparasites and endoparasites especially intestinal helminth were recorded. The ectoparasite infestation rate was 45% whereas the endoparasite remain only 17.5%. The overall parasitic infection rate was more than half of sample (53.8%).This preliminary data indicated that almost halfof the population of fishes from these areas could be exposed to parasitic infection.

KEYWORDS. Infection, Parasites, Fishes, Kinabatangan River.
REFERENCES

  • Awharitoma, A.O & Okaka, C.E. 1999. Observation on the cichlid fishes in Ikpoba river and their parasitic infection. The Nigerian Journal of Parasitology. 20: 129-137.
  • Hila Bu, S. S., & Leong, T. S. 1997. Fish parasite communities in tropical reservoirs along Perak River, Malaysia. Hydrobiologia, 356, 175-181
  • Kottelat, M., A. J. Whitten, S. N. Kartikasari & S. Wirjoatmodjo, 1993. Freshwater Fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Hong Kong, Periplus Editions. 221 pp.
  • Lee Y.H., Lee N.C., Robert B.S. & Mani O., 2006. The Water Quality of Several Oxbow Lakes in Sabah, Malaysia and its Relation to Fish Fauna Distribution. Journal of Biological Sciences, 6: 365-369.
  • Lim, K. K. P. & A. Wong, 1994. Fishes of the Kinabatangan basin, Sandakan district, Sabah, East Malaysia. Sabah Museum Journal, 1: 39-71.
  • Okaka, C.E, & Omoigberale, O.M 2002. Parasites of fishes of Okhuaihe River Edo State. African Scientist 3(1) : 1 -2.
  • Okaka, C.E. 1991. A survey into Helminth parasites of fishes of Asa river and its dam at Ilorin, Nigeria. Journal of Experimental and Applied Biology. 3: 120-128.
  • Onwuliri, C.O.E. and Mgbemena, M.O. 1987. The Parasitic fauna of some freshwater fish from Jos Plateau, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Applied Fisheries Hydrobiology 2:33-37.
  • Rahman, W. A., & Ali, A. 1991. Helminthic fauna of some freshwater fish caught from two habitats in Pulau Langkawi, Kedah. Trop. Biomed., 8, 23-26.
  • Rahman, W. A., Ali, A., & Ros, A. C. 1992. On some Helminthic parasites of the Malayan catfish, Clarias batrachus in pond cultures from north Malaysia. Trop. Biomed., 9, 1 -2.
  • Rahman, W. A., & Bakri, M. 2008. On the endoparasitic fauna of some paddy field fishes from Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Bioscience, 19, 107-112.
  • Shaharom, F., Kartini, M., & Sheikh Omar, A. R. 1992. Boviena serialis infestation in the catfish Clarias macrocephalus. J. Vet. Malaysia, 4(2), 151.
  • Ugwuzor, G.A. 1987. A survey of the helminthic parasites offish in Imo River. Nigerian Journal of Applied Fisheries and Hydrobiology. 225-30.
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CROWD SIMULATION BASED ON FLOCKING BEHAVIOUR ON PARALLEL CUDA PLATFORM

Norhafiza Hamzah*, Norsuzila Yusof & Z.A.Omar
School of Science and Technology,
Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
*hafiza@ums.edu.my

ABSTRACT. This research is focused on flocking behaviour algorithm to simulate the crowd on parallel GPU using CUDA technology. The analysis of frame rates is conducted to compare the crowd simulation on parallel GPU platform and on a single processor. The result shows that the crowd simulation on a parallel GPU platform is 15 frames per second for 16, 384 characters. This result is equivalent with the number of frames per second for crowd simulation on a single processor with 576 characters. Thus, the results demonstrate that crowd simulation is more efficient on the parallel GPU platform especially for the large scale data. KEYWORDS. Crowd simulation; Flocking behaviour; GPU computing; CUDA

 

REFERENCES

  • Jiang, H., Xu, W., Mao, T., Li, C., Xia, S. & Wang, Z. 2010. Continuum crowd simulation in complex environments. Computers & Graphics, 34(5): 537-544.
  • Reynolds, C. 2006. Big fast crowds on PS3. Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on Videogames. Boston, Massachusetts: ACM, (pp.113-121).
  • Saboia, P. & Goldenstein, S. 2012. Vis Comput. Crowd simulation:applying mobile grids to  the social force model, pp.1039-1048.
  • Serrano, M. I. 2011. Flock Implementation for the Blender Game Engine. The Florida State University.
  • Passos, E., Joselli, M., Zamith, M., Rocha, J., Clua, E., Montenegro, A., Conci, A. & Feijó, B. 2008. Supermassive crowd simulation on GPU based on emergent behavior. Proceedings of the Seventh Brazilian Symposium on Computer Games and Digital Entertainment (SBGames’08), Sciedade Brasileira de Computação, SBC, pp.70-75.

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