LANDSLIDE HAZARD FACTORS (LHF) BY COMMUNITY PERCEPTION SURVEY IN KOTA KINABALU, SABAH

ABSTRACT. This study aims to investigate disaster perception of factors causing landslides for the people of Kota Kinabalu city area, Sabah, Malaysia. Five hundred and seven adult respondent residents from the local government and private agencies exposed to landslide hazard participated in this study using structured questionnaires. Perception of landslide hazard factors (LHF) was assessed by statistical analysis such as Descriptive Analysis, Factor Analysis, Independent Samples T-Tests and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Major information in this survey relates to the factors likelihood to cause landslides. Socio-demographic and experiential information of respondents was also collected. Exploratory study on descriptive analysis indicates that the slope gradient factor fell in the highest rank with highest frequency (474) for events causing landslides, followed by water (469), supervision (425), negligence (415), geology (390), design (385) and geomorphology (365). Factor analysis results show that there are two factors that cause landslides: Engineering Geological Characteristics (EGC) and Human Factors (HF). After performing Varimax Rotation Method with Kaiser Normalisation, Factor EGC comprises four items: geology, geomorphology, water and slope gradient; while Factor HF comprises three items: negligence, supervision and design. Independent samples t-test for equality of mean results showed there were no significant mean differences in community perception of EGC or HF for both gender with professions and gender with educational background categories for all respondent items (p>0.05). ANOVA results showed there were significant mean differences in community perceptions of EGC among educational background at 10% level of significance (p<0.1) but no significant mean differences among other variables such as professions, home location and living area (p>0.05). In a different situation, the ANOVA results showed there was significant mean differences in community perceptions of HF among professions at 5% level of significance (p<0.0.5) but no significant mean differences among other variables such as educational background, home location and living area (p>0.05).

KEYWORDS:
Landslide hazard factors (LHF), community perception survey (CPS), statistical analysis

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